Complete Guide About Types of Solar Panels

In recent years, solar power has become incredibly popular because it is a clean, renewable energy source. With increasing concerns about climate change and the need for sustainable energy sources, different types of solar panels have become an attractive option for those looking to reduce their carbon footprint and save money on electricity bills. 

In this day and age, solar panels play an important role in transitioning toward a cleaner and more sustainable future. Photovoltaics (PV) and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP), the two main categories of solar energy technologies, produce solar power, allowing for environmental preservation.

Here’s a detailed blog about how you can harness solar energy using various types of solar panels available in India.

What is Solar Panel?

A photovoltaic (PV) panel, also known as a solar panel, is a device that converts sunlight into electricity. It comprises different types of solar cells that work together to generate electricity. Each cell is made up of layers of semiconducting materials, such as silicon, which are designed to absorb photons from the sun. 

This means that when sunlight shines on a solar panel, it generates electricity. This happens because the special material inside the solar panel absorbs the sunlight and turns it into an electric current. This electricity can be used immediately or saved in batteries for later use.

Types of Solar Panels

The increasing demand for solar power is fueling advancements in various types of solar technology research and development. There are several types of solar panels available on the market today. These different types of solar panels are designed to meet specific energy needs and come with varying efficiencies and costs. These panels vary in terms of their construction, efficiency, and material. 

To understand this, take a look at the 4 types of solar panels given below: 

Monocrystalline Solar Panel

Monocrystalline solar panels are the best type of solar panel, known for their high efficiency and durability. They are made from a single, pure silicon crystal, cut into thin wafers, and assembled into panels.

Because they are made from a single, uniform crystal, they can convert more sunlight into electricity than other solar panels. This makes them a great choice for homeowners who want to generate the most energy possible from solar panels.

Polycrystalline Solar Panel

Multiple silicon crystals are used to create polycrystalline solar panels. Unlike monocrystalline solar panels made from a single crystal, polycrystalline solar panels are created by melting down and re-solidifying multiple silicon fragments to form a single panel.

They are typically less expensive to produce than monocrystalline solar panels, which makes them a popular choice for people who want to install solar panels but have a limited budget.

Thin-film Solar Panel

Thin-film solar panels are a type of solar panel that is made from a thin layer of photovoltaic material deposited onto a substrate, such as glass or plastic. This makes them more flexible and lightweight than traditional solar panels made from crystalline silicon.

They are typically less expensive than other types of solar panels. Because they are made from a thin material layer, they require less of the raw materials used in traditional solar panels, reducing their production costs. 

Bifacial Solar Panel

Bifacial solar panels are is designed to capture sunlight from both sides of the panel. They are made from a thin layer of photovoltaic material deposited onto a substrate, such as glass or plastic, with a reflective surface on the back side of the panel.

They can be installed in various settings, including on flat surfaces, rooftops, and even the sides of buildings. They are also ideal for use in areas with high levels of reflected sunlight, such as snow-covered ground or water.

Solar Panel Price in India

After knowing what are the 4 types of solar panels, let’s talk about their price. The price of solar panels in India can vary depending on the panel’s type, brand, quality, and size. Depending on the type, they also include various types of PV modules. There are also different types of solar cells, including crystalline silicon-based (both poly and mono), thin-film solar cells, as well as a newer hybrid of the two. 

Here is a rough estimate of the varying prices of different types of solar panels available in India: 

Monocrystalline solar panels: The price of a monocrystalline solar panel in India typically ranges from INR 8,000 to INR 52,000, depending on the wattage required by homes or businesses. It is typically more expensive than polycrystalline solar panels, but it has the highest efficiency in low light. 

Polycrystalline solar panels: A polycrystalline solar panel typically costs between INR 6,000 and INR 10,000 in India for commercial purposes, whereas a single sheet costs anywhere from INR 400. It appears to be the best type of solar panel in terms of price, but it has a lower efficiency rate and covers more roof space for the same price.

Thin-film solar panels: The price of a single sheet of thin-film solar panels ranges from INR 1,500 to INR 15,000, whereas a single sheet can start from INR 100 depending on the quality of the panels, brand, and efficiency. When comparing the costs of thin-film vs. crystalline solar panels, or the different types of solar panels in India,  thin-film solar panels are significantly less expensive.

Bifacial Solar Panel: The cost of bifacial solar panels can vary depending on various factors, including the manufacturer, the size of the panels, and the installation costs. However, bifacial solar panels are typically more expensive than traditional solar panels. Bifacial solar panels, known for their high energy efficiency, typically cost between Rs. 37 and Rs. 52 per watt. This means installing a 3kW solar panel system with bifacial solar panels would cost between Rs. 2,00,000 and Rs. 2,10,000.

How to Choose Best Solar Panel for Home?

Choosing the best type of solar panel in India can be a daunting task, as there are many factors to consider, such as efficiency, durability, cost, warranty, brand reputation, size, and certification. However, here are some factors to consider while  choosing the most suitable one among the 4 types of solar panels for your needs:

Efficiency: Look for solar panels with higher efficiency ratings, as they will produce more electricity from the same amount of sunlight. Before purchasing a solar panel, it is critical to understand the classification of solar cells and their proper usage and efficiency. For example, monocrystalline solar panels have the highest efficiency ratings, followed by polycrystalline and thin-film solar panels. 

Size and accommodation: Due to a lack of setup space, solar panel size in India is considered an important factor. About 5.5 feet long and a little over 3 feet wide, the average residential solar panel. Commercial solar panels, however, are typically 78 by 39 inches in size. Large panels are better suited for commercial installations, houses with large roofs, or any other area with a lot of open space. On the other hand, small solar panels are ideal if you have a small or otherwise complicated rooftop.

Cost: Solar panels can be expensive, so choosing one that fits your budget is important. However, it is important to remember that a higher upfront cost can result in greater long-term savings on energy bills. For example, polycrystalline solar panels are less expensive to produce than monocrystalline solar panels, which makes them a favoured choice for people with a limited budget.

Warranty: A good warranty is essential when choosing a solar panel. Look for types of solar panels in India with a warranty of at least 25 years, as this ensures that you are protected against any defects or malfunctions that may occur.

Durability: Choose solar panels built to withstand harsh weather conditions, such as hail, wind, and snow. For example, solar panels with tempered glass and aluminium frames are more durable than plastic ones. Also, check the solar plate types used in them. 

Certification: Look for solar panels that are certified by recognized authorities, such as the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) or the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), as this ensures that the panel meets quality and safety standards.

It is important to research and consult a qualified solar panel installer or supplier to choose the best type of solar panel for your home. They can help you evaluate your energy needs, budget, and other factors to make an informed decision that will save you money and help reduce your carbon footprint. 

Conclusion

Even though there are different types of solar technology, solar panels are an excellent solution for generating clean and renewable energy while reducing our dependency on non-renewable resources. They have become increasingly popular over the years, thanks to their ability to save money on electricity bills and their positive environmental impact.

However, choosing the right solar panel size in India is crucial for maximum efficiency and cost-effectiveness. As we look towards a cleaner and more sustainable future, solar panels have the potential to power our homes and businesses with renewable energy, reducing our carbon footprint and mitigating the effects of climate change. By investing in various types of solar modules, we can all do our part in creating a brighter future for ourselves and future generations.

Amplus Solar

May 10, 2023